Fungal cytolytic peptide toxin from Candida albicans.

Candidalysin is a peptide generated by kexin-like proteinase posttranslational processing of the 271-amino-acid preproprotein Ece1p, and is the dominant peptide secreted by the pathogen Candida albicans hyphae during mucosal infection.  Candidalysin is a cytolytic peptide toxin that causes epithelial cell damage and activates downstream inflammatory responses inducing c-Fos, p-MKP1, cytokines (IL-1?, G-CSF) and calcium influx.  Candidalysin is critical for mucosal and systemic infections and is a key driver of host cell activation, neutrophil recruitment and Type 17 immunity.  Candidalysin is a classical virulence factor of C. albicans but also triggers protective immune responses in the host organism.  C. albicans strains lacking candidalysin do not activate or damage epithelial cells and are avirulent in animal models of mucosal infection.

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